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Anxiety Disorders
..... We all feel anxiety or worry at times, often in response to stressful situations — this is normal. Anxiety can be mild or intense, and some people may tend to feel more anxiety than others. Usually anxiety is temporary, but when it lasts an unexpectedly long time or is so severe that it interferes with your life, it may be considered an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders are relatively common — as many as 25% of people may experience an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives. There are many different types of anxiety disorders, including the following examples:
• Post-traumatic stress disorder is related to long-term
symptoms following exposure to a life-threatening situation.
• Generalized anxiety disorder refers to excessive, chronic
daily anxiety.
• Panic disorder refers to recurrent, spontaneous episodes
of panic.
One current theory about the cause of anxiety disorders is that there may be an imbalance of neurotransmitters, the molecules in the brain involved with thoughts and feelings. In other cases anxiety may be caused by a medical condition, medication side effects, or drug abuse.
There is little definitive research that demonstrates effective methods for preventing anxiety disorders. However, the following may help protect against anxiety disorders:
• regular exercise
• good coping skills
• training in stress management techniques
• positive social connections
..... Treatment for anxiety disorders may include lifestyle modifications, psychological treatments, and medications. There are prescription medications that are effective in treating anxiety disorders. Some medications are thought to work by changing the levels of two neurotransmitters that occur naturally in the body — serotonin and norepinephrine. After starting a medication, it may take anywhere from a few weeks to a month to notice a change in your anxiety symptoms. Be patient and follow the advice of your health-care provider. If you stop taking your medication once it starts helping with your disorder, your anxiety symptoms may come back.
..... Work with your health-care provider to form an effective personal treatment plan for your particular diagnosis, symptoms, personality, and lifestyle.
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